Lirnghing han tih mai pawh hian mi hi engemaw ti tak hian a fan deuh roh thin a. Thuthang lengvak a tamin Mi hlim leh Zawl thupuan lamin hrilhlawk a ni fo thin. Lirnghing chanchin leh a lo inven dan hi kan hriat a tul hle awm e.
Tunlai khawvel thiamna changkang takah pawh hian lirnghin hun leh hmun tur, a nat dan tur leh pumpelh/hruaipen dan tur hi sawi lawk theih a la ni lo. Lirnghing thlen zin/tamna leh thlen duh bikna hmun erawh a awm. Lirnghing tuar thang/ngun ber ‘earthquake veteran’ an tih hial Japanho pawh khian lirnghing eng anga na pawh tuar zo tur In leh lo (earthquake proof construction) an la din thei bik lo va, lirnghing na tak dawl zo deuh tur in (earthquake resistant building) erawh an duang a ni.
Lirnghing hi leilunga chhiatna lo thleng (natural disaster) zingah rau rau chuan thawk rei lo ber leh amah ngawt chuan pawi khawih hauh lo a ni a; a nghawng chhawn In leh lo tlusawp vel hi a pawikhawihtu zawk chu an ni.
Lirnghing hi a awm chhan azirin chi hnihah a then theih, chungte chu:
1. Non - Tectonic Earthquake : A nghin tanna (Focus) te an pawnlangin a nghawng a nep deuh a; a chhan langsar deuh te chu - Tlangkang, Tuikhawhthla nasa, Leimin leh lei/vur tawlh nasa,Tuikhuah, Mihring siam-chawp puakthei e.g. Lung halna, Nuclear/Atomic explosion etc., Puk chim, Lei hnuaia tui, oil & gas lakchhuah.
2. Tectonic Earthquake: Lei chhungril thuk taka insiamremna leh insingsakna avanga lo awm a ni a, a nghing a nasain a nghawng pawh a na hle a ni. Tlemin luhchilh hret ila,
Plate Tectonic Theory –
* Kum Maktaduai 350 kalta -khawmualpui 1 Pangea leh tuifinriat 1 Panthalasa chauh an awm.
* Kum maktaduai 200 hma - Pangeachu khawmualpui 2 Gondwana leh Laurasia-ah a keh darh a; An inkarahTuipui pakhat Tethys Sea a awm.
* Kum maktaduai 200 lai velin Laurasia leh Gondwana te an kehdarh leh.
* Laurasia-ah chuan Asia, Europe leh N. America te an awm.
* Gondwana-ah chuan S. America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia leh Indian subcontinent-te an awm.
Gondwana leh Laurasia-te an kehdarh ve leh khan an keh them te, tuna khawmualpui lo ni ta te hi tuna an awmna theuh pan hian convection current avang leh a hiptu leh nawrtu azirin an tawlh darh ta sang sang mai a. India sub continent (Indian Plate) hi hmar lam panin kum khat a 3 - 5cms a chakin a chho hrut hrut a. Kum maktaduai 38 – 65 chhungvelin Asian plate leh a bula awm Tethys Sea a han thleng a. Indian plate leh Asian plate chu an in nawr ta ngat ngat mai a. Reife an innawr hnu chuan awmhmun lo khuar nghet zawk Asian plate hnuaiah chuan a chak lo zawk Indian Plate chu a inkhawh lut ta hum hum mai a ni. Chutia Asia Plate hnuaia Indian plate tawlh lut chuan an inkara awm Tethys Sea chu a hrut kang chat mai ni lovin a chhuat leite chu a sep kang sang (uplift) chuar ta nengnung mai a ni. Tethys Sea kangchat a, a chhuat leite lo insepsang chuar tate chu tuna Himalaya tlangdung (Mizoram te pawh telin) a lo ni ta a ni. Mizoram leh Himalaya tlangdung pumpui hi tuifinriat chhuat an lo ni tawh tihna a nih chu. Hei vang hian Mizoram chu leilung naupang te kum maktaduai 40 vel leka upa a ni an lo tih thin a ni. Heng kan ram tlangdung chhim leh hmar zawnga in khawhte pawh hi hetia lehlam lehlam atanga innawr tawnna avang lo piang an ni. He Khawmualpuite tawlh tira, innek tirtu chu kan lei thuahthip hnihna Mantle chung lam Upper Mantle 100 -300/500 kms inkar a thuk Asthenosphere ti a an vuah mai khu sakhat/khal ni lovin tuihnang ban deuh thluak a ni a, chu mi han fawk fawn vel chu Convection Current an ti a. Chulai a insiamremna leh fawnvel chuan a chung a Plate te hi a tiche ta fo mai a; Lirnghing a thlen ta thin a ni. Chu chu Mizo Piputen ‘Satel Lianpui’ khawvel phurtu, a chet apianga lirnghing thlentu anlo tih chu ni. Tun hun thleng pawh hian Indian Plate hi hmar chhak lam pan hian kumtin 2 - 5cms a chakin a la che chho ta hruthrut reng a. Indian Plate leh Asia Plate han in nawk vel hian India leh Asia hmun dang dangah te leh an inkara awm Himalaya tlangdungah te khichat (fault) lian pui pui, tam tak an lo insiam ta a. An innawk hian lirnghing a thlen mai bakah chung khichatte chu lirnghing thlenna hmun leh a nat thinna hmun an lo ni ta thin a ni.
Lirnghing lamlian : Khawvel pum lirnghing chhuinaa an hmuh chhuah leh chhinchhiah danin Lirnghing thlen duhna hmun deuh (world Seismic Belt) ti hian then a ni.
1. Circum Pacific Belt : Hetah hian khawvel pumpuia lirnghing 68% vel a thleng a. Pacific tuifinriat hualveltu khawmual vaukam te an ni ber.
2. Mediterranean Belt/Alpine-HimalayanBelt : Hetah hian khawvel lirnghing 21% vel a thleng a, Portugal atangin Central Europe, Asia, Ti-bet, China, Himalaya tlangdung, Burma leh East Indies thleng a huam a ni.
3. Mid-Oceanic Belt. : Minor belt a ni a. Tuifinriat bul tlangdung/ramri lai vel a huam a ni.